Table I: The Actual Effect of the Graduated Income Tax

Sources:

For 1955-65 Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970, pp. 1110-11

For 1970-84 Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1987, p. 304. For 2008, Stat Abstract 2012 Table 482

Table II: The Incidence⁺ of All Taxes by Income: 1977

Source: Tax Foundation, Inc., Allocating Tax Burdens and Government Benefits by Income Class, 1972-73 and 1977 (Washington, DC 1981), pp. 25, 28-9

Table III: The Incidence⁺ of All Taxes by Income: 1986

Source: Tax Foundation, Inc., Tax Burden by Income Class, 1986-1987 (Washington, DC 1981), p. 25, 28-9

⁺:Tax incidence and effective tax rate figures are based on assumptions about how the cost of different sorts of taxes is distributed, explained in detail in the Tax Foundation publications.

Table IV: Effective⁺ Tax Rates 2004

Source: Tax Foundation, Inc., “Who Pays Taxes and Who Receives Government Spending? An Analysis of Federal, State and Local Tax and Spending Distributions, 1991-2004,” Table 14, p. 40.

⁺:Tax incidence and effective tax rate figures are based on assumptions about how the cost of different sorts of taxes is distributed, explained in detail in the Tax Foundation publications.

Table V: Percentage of National Income from Different Sources

Sources:

For 1900-69 Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970, p236

For 1975,85 Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1987, p. 427.

For 2013 Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce

Table VI: Distribution of Income Among Families (1913-1985) and Households (1985,2009)

Sources:

For 1913-65 Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970, pp. 293, 302

For 1970-85 family income Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1977-1987.

For 1985, 2009, household income Statistical Abstract of the United States 2012.

*Household income rather than family income, since the current Stat Abstract does not give the relevant family income figures.